Kreirajte ".deb spremište paketa" na Sourceforge.net koristeći "Reprepro" alat u Ubuntu-u


Reprepro je mali alat naredbenog retka za jednostavno kreiranje i upravljanje .deb spremištima. Danas ćemo pokazati kako lako kreirati spremišta Debian paketa koristeći reprepro i kako prenesite ga na Sourceforge.net koristeći naredbu rsync.

Korak 1: Instalirajte Reprepro i generirajte ključ

Prvo instalirajte sve potrebne pakete, koristeći sljedeću naredbu apt-get.

sudo apt-get install reprepro gnupg

Sada morate da generišete gpg ključ koristeći gnupg, da biste to uradili, primenite ovu naredbu.

gpg --gen-key

Postavit će vam neka pitanja, poput vrste ključa koji želite, koliko dugo ključ treba da važi, ako ne znate šta da odgovorite, samo kliknite Enter za zadane opcije (preporučeno ).

Naravno, tražit će od vas korisničko ime i lozinku, imajte to na umu, jer će nam kasnije trebati.

gpg (GnuPG) 1.4.14; Copyright (C) 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.

Please select what kind of key you want:
   (1) RSA and RSA (default)
   (2) DSA and Elgamal
   (3) DSA (sign only)
   (4) RSA (sign only)
Your selection? 
RSA keys may be between 1024 and 4096 bits long.
What keysize do you want? (2048) 
Requested keysize is 2048 bits
Please specify how long the key should be valid.
         0 = key does not expire
        = key expires in n days
      w = key expires in n weeks
      m = key expires in n months
      y = key expires in n years
Key is valid for? (0) 
Key does not expire at all
Is this correct? (y/N) Y

You need a user ID to identify your key; the software constructs the user ID
from the Real Name, Comment and Email Address in this form:
    "Heinrich Heine (Der Dichter) <[email >"

Real name: ravisaive
Email address: [email 
Comment: tecmint
You selected this USER-ID:
    "Ravi Saive (tecmint) <[email >"

Change (N)ame, (C)omment, (E)mail or (O)kay/(Q)uit? O
You need a Passphrase to protect your secret key.

We need to generate a lot of random bytes. It is a good idea to perform
some other action (type on the keyboard, move the mouse, utilize the
disks) during the prime generation; this gives the random number
generator a better chance to gain enough entropy.

+++++
gpg: key 2EB446DD marked as ultimately trusted
public and secret key created and signed.

gpg: checking the trustdb
gpg: 3 marginal(s) needed, 1 complete(s) needed, PGP trust model
gpg: depth: 0  valid:   1  signed:   0  trust: 0-, 0q, 0n, 0m, 0f, 1u
pub   2048R/2EB446DD 2014-06-24
      Key fingerprint = D222 B1C9 342E 5911 02B1  9147 3BD6 7918 2EB4 46DD
uid                  Ravi Saive (tecmint) <[email >
sub   2048R/7EF2F750 2014-06-24

Sada će vaš ključ biti generiran, da biste provjerili da li je tako, pokrenite ovu naredbu kao root privilegije.

sudo gpg --list-keys
Sample Output
/home/ravisaive/.gnupg/pubring.gpg
----------------------------------
pub   2048R/2EB446DD 2014-06-24
uid                  ravisaive (tecmint) <[email >
sub   2048R/7EF2F750 2014-06-24

Korak 2: Kreirajte spremište paketa i ključ za izvoz

Sada ćemo početi sa radom na kreiranju spremišta, prvo morate kreirati neke foldere, naše spremište će biti u /var/www/apt direktorijumu, pa hajde da kreiramo neke foldere.

sudo su
cd /var/www
mkdir apt
mkdir -p ./apt/incoming 
mkdir -p ./apt/conf
mkdir -p ./apt/key

Sada morate da izvezete ključ koji ste kreirali u folder spremišta, pokrenite.

gpg --armor --export username [email  >> /var/www/apt/key/deb.gpg.key

Napomena: Zamijenite korisničko ime korisničkim imenom koje ste unijeli u gornjem koraku i [email zaštićen] svojom e-poštom.

Moramo kreirati fajl pod nazivom “distribucije ” unutar /var/www/apt/conf.

touch /var/www/apt/conf/distributions

Dodajte ove sljedeće redove u datoteku distribucije i spremite datoteku.

Origin: (yourname)
Label: (name of repository)
Suite: (stable or unstable)
Codename: (the codename for the distribution you are using, like trusty)
Version: (the version for the distribution you are using, like 14.04)
Architectures: (the repository packages  architecture, like i386 or amd64)
Components: (main restricted universe multiverse)
Description: (Some information about the repository)
SignWith: yes

Zatim ćemo morati da kreiramo stablo spremišta, da bismo to uradili, pokrenite te komande.

reprepro --ask-passphrase -Vb /var/www/apt export
Sample Output
Created directory "/var/www/apt/db"
Exporting Trusty...
Created directory "/var/www/apt/dists"
Created directory "/var/www/apt/dists/Trusty"
Created directory "/var/www/apt/dists/Trusty/universe"
Created directory "/var/www/apt/dists/Trusty/universe/binary-i386"
FF5097B479C8220C ravisaive (tecmint) <[email > needs a passphrase
Please enter passphrase:
Successfully created '/var/www/apt/dists/Trusty/Release.gpg.new'
FF5097B479C8220C ravisaive (tecmint) <[email > needs a passphrase
Please enter passphrase:
Successfully created '/var/www/apt/dists/Trusty/InRelease.new'

Korak 3: Dodajte pakete u novokreirano spremište

Sada pripremite svoje .deb pakete za dodavanje u spremište. Idite na /var/www/apt direktorij, ovo morate učiniti svaki put kada želite dodati pakete.

cd /var/www/apt
reprepro --ask-passphrase -Vb . includedeb Trusty /home/ravisaive/packages.deb

Napomena: Zamijenite trusty kodnim imenom koje ste unijeli za spremište u datoteku distribucije i zamijenite /home/username/package .deb sa putanjom do paketa, od vas će se tražiti pristupna fraza za unos.

Sample Output
/home/ravisaive/packages.deb : component guessed as 'universe'
Created directory "./pool"
Created directory "./pool/universe"
Created directory "./pool/universe/o"
Created directory "./pool/universe/o/ojuba-personal-lock"
Exporting indices...
FF5097B479C8220C ravisaive (tecmint) <[email > needs a passphrase
Please enter passphrase:
Successfully created './dists/Trusty/Release.gpg.new'
FF5097B479C8220C ravisaive (tecmint) <[email > needs a passphrase
Please enter passphrase:
Successfully created './dists/Trusty/InRelease.new'

Vaš paket se dodaje u spremište, da ga uklonite.

reprepro --ask-passphrase -Vb /var/www/apt remove trusty  package.deb

I naravno, morate modificirati naredbu sa imenom vašeg paketa i kodnim imenom spremišta.

Korak 4: Učitajte spremište na Sourceforge.net

Da biste otpremili spremište na Sourceforge.net, potrebno je da tamo, naravno, imate tekući račun i pokrenuti projekat, pretpostavimo da želite da otpremite spremište na http://sourceforge .net/projects/myfoo/testrepository gdje je myfoo naziv vašeg projekta (UNIX ime, a ne URL, a ne naslov), a testrepository je mapa u koju želite da otpremite datoteke. To ćemo učiniti pomoću rsync komanda.

rsync -avP -e ssh /var/www/apt/ [email :/home/frs/project/myfoo/testrepository/

Napomena: Zamijenite korisničko ime svojim korisničkim imenom na sourceforge.net, a myfoo svojim UNIX-imeom projekta i testrepozitorijumom sa folderom u koji želite da pohranite datoteke.

Sada je vaše spremište učitano na http://sourceforge.net/projects/myfoo/testrepository, da biste ga dodali svom instaliranom sistemu, prvo morate uvesti ključ spremišta, on će biti u < b>/var/www/apt/key/deb.gpg.key, ali to je lokalni put i korisnici vašeg spremišta neće moći da ga dodaju u svoje sisteme, zato ćemo mi uvoz ključa sa sourceforge.net.

sudo su
wget -O - http://sourceforge.net/projects/myfoo/testrepository/apt/key/deb.gpg.key | apt-key add -

Sada možete lako dodati spremište u svoj sistem, otvorite /etc/apt/sources.list i dodajte ovaj red.

deb http://sourceforge.net/projects/myfoo/testrepository/apt/key/deb.gpg.key trusty main

Napomena: Zamijenite myfoo sa svojim UNIX-imeom projekta, pouzdanim kodnim imenom vašeg spremišta, testrepository sa folderom u koji ste uploadali fajlove, a main sa komponentama spremišta u koje ste dodali fajl distribucije.

Zatim pokrenite sljedeće da ažurirate listu spremišta.

sudo apt-get update

Čestitamo! Vaše spremište je aktivno! Sada možete lako instalirati pakete iz njega ako želite.